![]() The availability of higher quality information allows enhanced performance-monitoring, by making errors more salient and correctable. 2013b), and presents this back to the mover in real time. This improvement in performance can be afforded by the provision of concurrently-presented augmented feedback, which tracks some property of movement (for example, deviation from a desired trajectory, e.g., Sigrist et al. Generally speaking, availability of more precise perceptual information can enable finer control of movement and more effective task performance (Mechsner et al. Performance of learned motor skills requires the perception and use of task-relevant information via the senses. These findings have important implications for understanding the role of augmented perceptual information in skill learning, as well as its application to real-world training or rehabilitation scenarios. These results show that melodic sonification of movement can provide advantages over augmented feedback which only provides timing information by better structuring the sequencing of timed actions, and also allow recovery of complex target patterns of movement after training. In a 24-h retention phase, a decline in performance in the melodic sonification group was reversed by brief playback of the target pattern melody. Task acquisition and performance in immediate retention were superior in the melodic sonification group as compared to the rhythmic sonification and control group. Two groups of participants received real-time auditory feedback during training: melodic sonification (individual movements triggered a separate note of a melody) and rhythmic sonification (each movement triggered a percussive sound), while a third control group received no augmented feedback. In the present experiment, participants learned to trace a diamond shape with one hand while simultaneously tracing a triangle with the other to produce a sequenced 4:3 polyrhythmic timing pattern. Furthermore, while short-term retention of bimanual coordination performance has been shown with movement sonification training, longer term retention has yet to be demonstrated. ![]() However, it is not clear whether the coordination of polyrhythmic sequenced movements is enhanced by auditory-specified timing information alone or whether more complex sound mappings, such as melodic sonification, are necessary. Auditory information triggered by learners’ actions, movement sonification, can enhance learning of a complex bimanual coordination skill, specifically polyrhythmic bimanual shape tracing. An important question for skill acquisition is whether and how augmented feedback can be designed to improve the learning of complex skills.
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